Who gave this person/institution authority to judge & condemn others?

I am speaking of current roman catholic pope,who condemned protestants as heretics who have no right to practice their religion by a 'declaration' made by him in 2007.Who gave him right to condemn others,who are not of his religion?,is there no laws for him...i understand he is in a free country,world's smallest country...in the movie 10,000 BC-which symbolizes ancient warriors rebellion against unjust spiritual leaders whose lack of power is exposed very well & how easily people get misled by them...